Zero-knowledge Proofs

A zero knowledge proof (ZKP) is a method of cryptographically proving a statement about some set of information without actually revealing the information itself. Equally, the recipient of a zero knowledge proof can verify the statement solely with the proof. This technology supports various systems that provide privacy and scalability. In terms of privacy, a prover can prove that they own assets and thus could spend them without giving unnecessary transaction details, such as an account balance or destination address. For scalability, an off-chain computation environment can prove to a blockchain the validity of the state change without requiring the blockchain to compute the state change.